A summary of mitosis and meiosis in s introduction to cell reproduction. Mitosis is a nuclear division giving rise to genetically identical cells in which the chromosome number is maintained by the exact duplication of chromosome. The process of meiosis as indicated earlier, consists of two types of division, viz. Mitosis notes cell division occurs in a series of stages, or phases. Mitosis then brings about the development of the diploid cell into a multicellular organism. Chapter 5 the cell cycle, mitosis, and meiosis worksheets opening image courtesy of conly rieder and the national institutes of health. The cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis university of leicester. Chromosomes condense and become visible by light microscopy as eukaryotic cells enter mitosis or meiosis. Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. Read pdf mitosis and meiosis study guide answers mitosis and meiosis study guide answers. Definition a process in the sexual cycle by which the chromosome number is reduced by 12 2n n. This set of 7 printable illustrated notes or graphic organizer worksheets is designed to improve student comprehension as you discuss cells, organelles, diffusion and osmosis, mitosis, and meiosis. Students will determine if the phrase describes mitosis, meiosis, or both.
Mitosis, meiosis and fertilization teacher preparation notes. Fleming in 1882 showing longitudinal splitting of chromosomes during nuclear division. Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction observed in unicellular organisms. Cell preparing to divide genetic material doubles prophase chromosome pair up. Crossing over and recombination also occur during meiosis. Download cbse class 11th revision notes for chapter 10 cell cycle and cell division class 11 notes biology in pdf format for free. Meiotic events can be grouped under the following phases. Before initiation of meiosis, there is an interphase which consists of g 1, s and g 2 phases like mitosis. Chromosomesmade of dna,containing the cells genetic codefound in nucleus. Preparing for meiosis preceded by interphase duplication of dna s phase of interphase of meiosis just like in mitosis m1 prophase meiosis. Reduction of the diploid chromosome set to the haploid set. It is essentially the same whether considering a simple plant or.
Mitosis is that step in the cell cycle where the newly formed dna is separated and two new cells are formed with the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. It will have new characteristics, as the gene frequency in the dna changes. Meiosis takes place in two sets of cell divisions, called meiosis i and meiosis ii. Mitosis and meiosis notes mitosis premitosis interphase the chromosomes are duplicated just before mitosis, so there are two identical sister copies of each one. Cell reproduction, need for reproduction, cell division, mitosis, the cell cycle, stag. A single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. This 6 page notes outline lesson plan has blanks for student to fill in as the students watch the cell reproduction mitosis and meiosis powerpoint presentation and as the teacher covers the following topics. The centrioles, a pair of cylindrical structures, are also duplicated.
In cell biology, mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated. The process takes the form of one dna replication followed by two successive nuclear and cellular divisions meiosis i and meiosis ii. Meiosis is a reduction division in which the chromosome number is halved from diploid to haploid. New breeds animals, strains microorganisms and varieties plants are created and produced relatively quickly. Mitosis results in the production of two genetically identical diploid cells, whereas meiosis produces four genetically different haploid cells. Meiosis meiosis is the form of eukaryotic cell division that produces haploid sex cells or gametes which contain a single copy of each chromosome from diploid cells which contain two copies of each chromosome. This term implies that each gamete contains half of the 46 chromosomes23 chromosomes in humans. Two part cell division homologs separate sister chromatids separate meiosis i diploid haploid meiosis ii haploid homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis i sister chromatids same genes, same. Read on to explore what is mitosis, and the different stages of mitosis. Interphase is the process a cell must go through before mitosis, meiosis, and cytokinesis. Download revision notes for cell cycle and cell division class 11 notes biology and score high in exams. Process by which new cells are produced from one cell.
Notes over the cell cycle, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction, whereas meiosis is an early step in sexual reproduction. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Cell division process where a cell splits into two identical daughter cells. Meiosis produces daughter cells with half the information c ontained in the parent cell. Cellcycle in eucaryotes interphase g1phase and g2phase g gap are the phase of cell growth sphase s synthesis is the phase of dna replication. Mitosis meiosis number of divisions number of daughter cells chromosome. Mitosis is a form of eukaryotic cell division that produces two daughter cells with the same genetic component as the parent cell. Dna molecules in extended, uncondensed form chromatin. They remain in their unwound state, and are therefore invisible.
Mitosis can occur in either haploid or diploid cells, whereas meiosis occurs only in cells with the diploid or polyploidy number of chromosomes. Here we investigate the key differences and similarities between the two processes. Ingrid waldron, jennifer doherty, scott poethig and lori spindler. These are the cell cycle and cell division class 11 notes biology prepared by team of expert teachers. The multiplication of a body cell into two daughter cells of equal size and containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell is called mitosis or somatic division or karyokinesis.
An introduction to mitosis and meiosis, including cell growth, division and replication. Mitosis and meiosis life sciences xsheets 17 mechanism, where the hybrid results in a new genetically engineered species. Why is mitosis alone insufficient for the life cycle of sexually. Department of biology, university of pennsylvania, 2014 1 in this activity, students use model chromosomes to simulate the processes of mitosis, meiosis. Biology textbooks mitosis and meiosis free pdf file sharing.
Mitosis and meiosis background information mitosis mitosis is the next phase of the cell cycle. Meiosis reduces the number of chromosome sets from diploid to haploid. Pdf bio103 topic 7 lecture notes meiosis shah tanjil. It is the process of coordinated chromosome replication prior to cell division. Presently, equational division is more commonly used to refer to meiosis ii, the part of meiosis most like mitosis. Cell cycle and cell division class 11 notes biology. The period between mitotic divisions that is, g1, s and g2 is known as interphase. Cells at the tips of plant roots and stems grow rapidly and can be used for viewing the stages of mitosis.
Cell division occurs in a series of stages, or phases. Mitosis is the process in which a parent cell splits into two daughter cells that are exactly alike. Just as in mitosis, this begins with the doubling of the dna and chromosomes during the s stage of interphase, but unlike mitosis, meiosis consists of two divisions, thus producing four cells, each with half the original dna i. General biology textbooks usually have very clear explanations of mitosis and meiosis, yet students are filename. When the human gametes unite with one another, the original diploid condition of 46 chromosomes is reestablished. Mitosis is a form of eukaryotic cell division that produces two. Like mitosis, meiosis is preceded by the replication of chromosomes. Stages of meiosis comparing meiosis and mitosis video clip both start off with the same number of chromosomes and these chromosomes are paired. Used a slide of onion allium root tip to identify interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Four haploid cells are formed at the end of meiosis ii. This is not the case for meiosis, which reduces the chromosome number by half. Mitosis and meiosis chromosomes free download as powerpoint presentation. Cell can only replicate and transcribe dna when in extended state.
Mitosis and meiosis are two kinds of cell division that are essential to most forms of life on earth. Lecture notes, lectures 1112 meiosis and mitosis studocu. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. Mitosis and meiosis higher biology mitosis and meiosis mitosis. Find a cell in telophase and draw the cell in your notebook. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of introduction to cell reproduction and what it means.
Bsci 124 lecture notes undergraduate program in plant biology, university of maryland lecture 9 meiosis and sexual reproduction i. Chromatids are eventually separated during mitosis or meiosis ii centromere in a duplicated chromosome, the region on each sister chromatid where they are most closely attached to each other by proteins that bind to specific dna sequences. The two cell divisions result in four daughter cells o each daughter cell has only half as many chromosomes as parent cell. In this lesson we take a look at mitosis revision, the process of meiosis, first meiotic division, second meiotic division, the significance of meiosis, the production of sex cells as well as diseases and syndromes. Chapter 5 the cell cycle, mitosis, and meiosis worksheets. The dna content of the cell is increasing during this phase. Mitosis division of the nucleuscytokinesis division of the cytoplasm.